The COSMIC SHOW Aryan Shikha Sarswat

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Brain drain is a slang term indicating substantial emigration or migration of individuals.
Brain drain can result from several factors including political turmoil or the existence of more favorable professional opportunities elsewhere.
Brain drain causes countries, industries, and organizations to lose a core portion of valuable individuals.
Understanding Brain Drain
Brain drain causes countries, industries, and organizations to lose a core portion of valuable individuals. The term often describes the departure of groups of doctors, healthcare professionals, scientists, engineers, or financial professionals. When these people leave, their places of origin are harmed in two main ways. First, expertise is lost with each emigrant, diminishing the supply of that profession. Secondly, the country's economy is harmed because each professional represents surplus spending units. Professionals often earn large salaries, so their departure reduces consumer spending in that region or the country overall.


Geographic, Organizational, and Industrial Brain Drain
Brain drain, also known as a human capital flight, can occur on several levels. Geographic brain drain happens when talented professionals flee one country or region within a country in favor of another. Organizational brain drain involves the mass exodus of talented workers from a company, often because they sense instability, a lack of opportunity within the company, or they may feel that they can realize their career goals more easily at another company. Industrial brain drain happens when skilled workers exit not only a company but an entire industry.

Several common causes precipitate brain drain on the geographic level including political instability, poor quality of life, limited access to health care, and a shortage of economic opportunity. These factors prompt skilled and talented workers to leave source countries for places that offer better opportunities. Organizational and industrial brain drain is usually a byproduct of a rapidly evolving economic landscape in which companies and industries unable to keep up with technological and societal changes lose their best workers to those that can.

Real World Example of Brain Drain
As of 2019, brain drain has been a significant consequence of the ongoing Puerto Rican debt crisis. In particular, the exodus of skilled medical professionals has hit the island hard. While more almost half of Puerto Rico's residents receive Medicare or Medicaid, the island receives significantly fewer federal funds to pay for these programs than similarly sized states on the mainland, such as Mississippi.1 2 This lack of funding combined with the island's dire financial situation precludes its ability to offer competitive compensation to doctors, nurses, and other medical staff. As a result, such professionals are leaving the island en masse for more lucrative opportunities on the mainland. In a report from CBS, the news outlet discusses some personal cases including the story of Damarys Perales who worked as an accountant in Puerto Rico's health department.3 Moreover, the country’s brain drain was also exacerbated by Hurricane Maria, which made landfall in Puerto Rico on Sept. 20, 2017, creating even more incentive for emigration.4

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Related Terms
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Brexodus
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The history of India can be traced back to Indus Valley civilization. The civilization of the country can be traced back to 2500 B.C. Sites like Mohenjo-Daro Harappa (in present-day Pakistan) and Lothal (near Ahmedabad) clearly showcase how the civilization flourished and was in its prime much before most of the world.

This part of Indian history can further divided into Pre-Vedic and Vedic periods. It is the vedic period when the religion Hinduism is said to have been evolved. There are traces for the same.

The period from 4th to 5th century A.D when the Northern India was unified and under the control of Gupta Dynasty is called as the India’s Golden Age. This was time when literature, religion and political administration reached new heights.

Global politics, also known as world politics,[1] names both the discipline that studies the political and economic patterns of the world and the field that is being studied. At the centre of that field are the different processes of political globalization in relation to questions of social power.

The discipline studies the relationships between cities, nation-states, shell-states, multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations and international organizations.[2] Current areas of discussion include national and ethnic conflict regulation, democracy and the politics of national self-determination, globalization and its relationship to democracy, conflict and peace studies, comparative politics, political economy, and the international political economy of the environment. One important area of global politics is contestation in the global political sphere over legitimacy.[3]

Global politics is said by some to be distinct from the field of international politics (commonly seen as a branch of international relations[1]), as it "does not stress the primacy of intergovernmental relations and transactions".[4] This distinction however has not always been held among authors and political scientists, who often use the term "international politics" to mean global politics.[1]

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