Carefully Examining the Text Tommy Peeler

The Psalm is based on the two decrees in vs. 1 and vs. 4.

Every word of vs. 1 will prove important and two different words for Lord are used.

Notice the use of "right hand" in vs. 1 and vs. 5.

Melchizedek only appears in the OT elsewhere in Genesis 14:18-20.
Melchizedek is king and priest. 
He blessed Abram.
Abram paid tithes to him.

The psalm gives different words to refer to the foes or enemies.
It shows us the victory over these foes is complete.
The victory is because of the LORD. 

Some have described this as the longest sustained imprecatory prayer.

A Psalm of David

109:1-5 He describes his mistreatment at the hands of others
They spoke against him constantly- vs. 2, 3, 4. They lied about him- vs. 2. They spoke words of hatred- vs. 3. He did good to them, but they did evil to him- vs. 5.

109:6-20 He prays that judgment may fall on them.
Notice how many of these judgments he requests tie to the concept of lex talionis, the punishment fitting the crime.
vs. 6 accuser- They acted as his accusers (vs. 4) so may an accuser stand at his right hand.
vs. 7 guilty- This word is translated wicked (vs. 2, 6). Since they are wicked, may they be found to be wicked (guilty).  
vs. 9 prays for his death but he has put others to death (vs. 16). This is what God warned would happen in Exodus 22:22-24; Prov. 22:22-23.
vs. 12 Let none show lovingkindness to him because he did not remember to show it to others (vs. 16).
vs. 17 "He also loved cursing, so it came to him; and he did not delight in blessing, so it was far from him."
The fact we see so many instances of this, lead us to think that the curses called down upon this wicked are the same things he inflicted upon others.

109:21-31 God's intervention changes everything
vs. 21 But You, O God, the LORD
vs. 22 David acknowledges he is afflicted and needy and desperately in need of God's help.
 vs. 27 He prays for God to deliver him in such a way that all know that it is God's work.
vs. 30-31 He promises to praise God, who stands at the right hand of the needy. See right hand in Pss. 109:6 and 110:1.

This Psalm combines sections of Psalm 57:7-11 and Psalm 60:5-12.

Psalm 57 and Psalm 60 are in their titles tied to specific circumstances in the life of David. There are some 13 Psalms that do this and these are two of them.

This Psalm stresses
108:3 Giving thanks to the LORD
108:4 God's lovingkindness and faithfulness
108:7-9 God's complete sovereignty over Israel and their neighbors
108:11-13 God alone is responsible for victory. Trust in men is vain- Jer. 17:5-8.

The Psalm foreshadows the salvation Jesus gives
108:8 Judah the leader- Heb. 7:14
108:5 Be exalted- John 3:14; 8:28; 12:32-33
108:4 The cross is the ultimate display of His lovingkindness and faithfulness.

Give thanks to the LORD for He is good for HIs lovingkindness is everlasting.

107:1-3 is an answer to Ps. 106:47

107:4-32 Four stanzas that follow a standard procedure. The 2 and 4 lines are refrains in this Psalm. 
1. There is a statement of a specific problem (107:4-5, 10-12, 17-18, 23-27).
2.Then they cried out to the LORD in their trouble, He delivered them out of their distress (107:6, 13, 19, 28).
3. A specific act of deliverance from the specific problem mentioned (107:7, 14, 20, 29-30).
4. Let them give thanks to the LORD for His lovingkindnesses and for His wonders to the sons of man (107:8, 15, 21, 31).
The congregation is called to thank and praise God for His deliverances (107:9, 16, 22, 32).

“Jesus does the same kind of things that God does in the four narrative illustrations: feeding the hungry  in the wilderness (Mark 6:30-44; 8:1-10; Luke 1:53), liberating those bound by demonic powers (Mark 1:21-28; 3:20-27; Luke 4:16-21), healing and forgiving the sick (Mark 2:1-12), stilling storms at sea (Matt. 8:23-27; Mark 4:35-41)” McCann, 1119. 
107:4-9 “Lostness, hunger, thirst and exhaustion are all figures which our Lord was to employ in relation to His self-offer as the Way, the Bread and Water of life and Giver of rest. The scene in this stanza unites all aspects of salvation and crown them with that of a city to dwell in; a climax without which the rescue, at either level of meaning, would be little more than first aid. The New Testament is full of it: cf., e.g., Eph. 2:11ff; Heb. 12:22ff; Revelation 21 and 22” Kidner, 384
Vs. 9 satisfied in the Greek is used in the feeding of the 5000 (Mark 6:42; Luke 9:17; John 6:26) and the feeding of the 4000 (Matt. 15:33, 37; Mark 8:4, 8) with John 6:35
Filled in vs. 9 is used in John 6:12 in the feeding of the 5000. 
107:10-16 “Jesus applies the Isaianic passages to the his own role of setting men free from the prison house of sin (Lk. 4:18-21; Isa. 61:1-2)” Miller, 362. 
Prisoners released in Acts (5:17-26; 12:1-11; 16:25-34) are a picture of those who are freed from the prison of sin. 
107:10, 14 shadow of death- Lk. 1:79
107:17-22 Raising up the sick from their bed
107:20 He sent His word- Matt. 8:8
Vs. 29 with Mark 4:35-41; Matt. 8:23-27; Luke 8:22-25
107:23-32 Matt. 8:23-27; Mark 4:35-41
107:30 brought to their desired haven- John 6:21 

107:33-38 The God of reversals

107:43 The psalm ends on a note of wisdom

This episode of Psalm 106 begins with verse 24.

Nine portions of Israel's history and Israel's Scriptures  are used to stress Israel's unfaithfulness and God's mercy in spite of their sin.

106:6-12 The events in Egypt and at the Red Sea- Exodus 14-15

106:13-15 The lusting or craving for quail in the wilderness- Numbers 11

106:16-18 The rebellion of Dathan and Abiram- Numbers 16

106:19-23 The worship of the calf at Mt. Horeb- Exodus 32

106:24-27 The spies discourage the  people from taking the land- Num. 13-14

106:28-31 The idols of Baal-peor- Num. 25

106:32-33 The rebellion at the waters of Meribah- Num. 20:2-13

106:34-39 The failure of Israel to drive out the Canaanites- Josh. 15:63; 16:10; 17:12-13; Judges 1:27-36

106:40-46 The time of the Judges where the people sink down into sin yet God deliveres them time after time- Judges 3:7-16:31.

This psalm is a twin to Psalm 105 but a fraternal twin and not an identical one.

The emphasis on Psalm 105 is on God's goodness and mercy to Israel. The emphasis in Psalm 106 is on the wickedness and sinfulness of Israel.  God's grace is even more amazing in light of Israel's sin and Israel's sin looks even more hideous against the background of God's lovinigkindness.

Praise the LORD is an inclusion in vs. 1 and vs. 48.  How can a psalm that stresses Israel's sin be a reason for praise. The thought of the gracious and merciful God  underlines every section whether it is mentioned specifically or not because it is the reason that God does not give up on the people.

Nine portions of Israel's history and Israel's Scriptures  are used to stress Israel's unfaithfulness and God's mercy in spite of their sin.

106:6-12 The events in Egypt and at the Red Sea- Exodus 14-15

106:13-15 The lusting or craving for quail in the wilderness- Numbers 11

106:16-18 The rebellion of Dathan and Abiram- Numbers 16

106:19-23 The worship of the calf at Mt. Horeb- Exodus 32

106:24-27 The spies discourage the  people from taking the land- Num. 13-14

106:28-31 The idols of Baal-peor- Num. 25

106:32-33 The rebellion at the waters of Meribah- Num. 20:2-13

106:34-39 The failure of Israel to drive out the Canaanites- Josh. 15:63; 16:10; 17:12-13; Judges 1:27-36

106:40-46 The time of the Judges where the people sink down into sin yet God deliveres them time after time- Judges 3:7-16:31.